What it pays
Government survey numbers — not estimates, not ads.
Half of all Biological Scientists, All Other in the U.S. earn more than $98,920 a year — the middle 80% land between $60,430 and $168,010. About 55,850 people in the U.S. do this work. Figures are for the U.S. occupation group “Biological Scientists, All Other”. (U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics survey, published 2025.) In India, Professionals earn about ₹38,298 a month on average — around ₹4.6 lakh a year (government PLFS survey via ILOSTAT, occupation-family figure).
$98,920typical pay / year
55,850people in this work
$168,010+top 10% earn
₹4.6 lakha year in India (family avg)
Think you get this job?Six quick questions on how it really works — with a hint and the reason behind every answer.
Test yourself →The work, task by task
These are the real jobs-to-be-done, not a wish list. Each task shows where we found it, and the prompt underneath is written for that exact task.
Analysing4
Collect DNA samples
+Collect bee tissue and brood samples from apiary A3 this morning, log sample IDs and GPS coordinates, extract…
Collect DNA samples
+Collect bee tissue and brood samples from apiary A3 this morning, log sample IDs and GPS coordinates, extract DNA following the lab protocol, enter sequence metadata into the central genetic database, and label tubes for courier pick-up tomorrow.
The tools that do the workbioinformatics databasesESCOjob descriptions
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Gather and analyse biological data
+Compile the last two seasons' hive health records, pathogen screens and forage surveys from apiaries B1–B6,…
Gather and analyse biological data
+Compile the last two seasons' hive health records, pathogen screens and forage surveys from apiaries B1–B6, clean and normalise the datasets, run comparative diversity and infection-rate analyses, and produce graphs showing seasonal trends for the team meeting on Monday.
The tools that do the workbioinformatics databasesESCOjob descriptions
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Develop and test hypotheses
+Draft three testable hypotheses on Varroa resistance linked to nectar-source diversity, design sampling and…
Develop and test hypotheses
+Draft three testable hypotheses on Varroa resistance linked to nectar-source diversity, design sampling and control groups across low-, mid- and high-diversity sites, and create the analysis plan and expected outcomes table before fieldwork starts next month.
The tools that do the workbioinformatics databasesESCOjob descriptions
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Collaborate with other scientists
+Assemble the multi-institution dataset, standardise column names and formats, share the cleaned dataset and a…
Collaborate with other scientists
+Assemble the multi-institution dataset, standardise column names and formats, share the cleaned dataset and a one-page methods summary with Dr. Patel, Prof. Ncube and the lab techs, and schedule a video call to agree on next-step analyses for Thursday.
The tools that do the workbioinformatics databasesESCOjob descriptions
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The daily work17
Report on their findings
+Write a concise field report of this season’s hive inspections: list colonies inspected, mite counts, queen…
Report on their findings
+Write a concise field report of this season’s hive inspections: list colonies inspected, mite counts, queen status, forage notes, feed given, samples taken with lab IDs, and urgent actions needed; send to Dr. Morales and the apiary manager by Tuesday noon.
The tools that do the workbioinformatics databasesESCO
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Discover data patterns
+Analyse the last six months of colony metrics to find recurring patterns: compare mite trends, brood area,…
Discover data patterns
+Analyse the last six months of colony metrics to find recurring patterns: compare mite trends, brood area, forage notes and weather, highlight correlated declines and propose three hypotheses to test with follow-up sampling by next visit.
The tools that do the workbioinformatics databasesESCO
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Perform data analysis
+Run statistical analysis on the collected hive data: calculate mean and variance for mite counts, brood area…
Perform data analysis
+Run statistical analysis on the collected hive data: calculate mean and variance for mite counts, brood area and honey yield per colony, flag outliers, and produce a table of p-values for treatment effects to include in the monthly lab packet.
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Use databases
+Update the central colony database with the newest inspection records and lab sample entries: validate fields…
Use databases
+Update the central colony database with the newest inspection records and lab sample entries: validate fields for colony ID, date, inspector, and sample links, resolve any duplicates, and confirm the backup completed before closing.
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Study disease progression in tissues
+Compare tissue samples from five infected hives over six weeks, map disease markers by tissue type, flag…
Study disease progression in tissues
+Compare tissue samples from five infected hives over six weeks, map disease markers by tissue type, flag accelerating lesions, and produce a clean table of gene expression changes ready for inclusion in the lab report due next Friday.
The tools that do the workbioinformatics databasesjob descriptions
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Research effects of drugs and chemicals
+Compile laboratory and field records on pesticide and medicated feed exposure, cross-reference with observed…
Research effects of drugs and chemicals
+Compile laboratory and field records on pesticide and medicated feed exposure, cross-reference with observed hive mortality and biomarker shifts, identify chemicals with consistent adverse signatures, and deliver a ranked evidence list for the regulatory brief on Monday.
The tools that do the workbioinformatics databasesjob descriptions
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Develop new crop varieties
+Assemble genetic profiles from our breeding lines and wild pollinators, search for alleles correlated with…
Develop new crop varieties
+Assemble genetic profiles from our breeding lines and wild pollinators, search for alleles correlated with nectar foraging and disease resistance, and output candidate parent pairs with predicted trait gains for the next season's trial plan.
The tools that do the workbioinformatics databasesjob descriptions
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Monitor pollution and radioactivity levels
+Merge environmental sensor logs with tissue contaminant assays from border hives, detect hotspots where…
Monitor pollution and radioactivity levels
+Merge environmental sensor logs with tissue contaminant assays from border hives, detect hotspots where pollutant or radionuclide levels exceed background trends, and produce a map and incident list to send to the county environmental officer today.
The tools that do the workbioinformatics databasesjob descriptions
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Present findings at conferences
+Draft a 12‑minute conference talk summarizing our latest pathogen sequencing, key statistical results, and…
Present findings at conferences
+Draft a 12‑minute conference talk summarizing our latest pathogen sequencing, key statistical results, and practical recommendations for beekeepers, attach three clear figures and a one‑page summary for attendees, and mark it ready for review by Wednesday.
The tools that do the workbioinformatics databasesjob descriptions
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Evaluate environmental impact on organisms
+Gather multi-year organismal monitoring data from agricultural plots, correlate survival and reproduction…
Evaluate environmental impact on organisms
+Gather multi-year organismal monitoring data from agricultural plots, correlate survival and reproduction metrics with land‑use and pollutant records, quantify effect sizes with confidence intervals, and prepare a policy‑facing one‑page impact summary.
The tools that do the workbioinformatics databasesjob descriptions
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Write reports and scholarly papers
+Draft the journal article from our March colony genetics study: assemble the methods and results sections…
Write reports and scholarly papers
+Draft the journal article from our March colony genetics study: assemble the methods and results sections from the sequenced sample table, run the population statistics, generate figures for allele frequencies and survival curves, then produce a submission-ready manuscript for Ecological Entomology by Friday.
The tools that do the workbioinformatics databasesjob descriptions
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Perform field research in natural habitats
+Plan and log the three-week field survey across the apple orchards: create the daily transect schedule, list…
Perform field research in natural habitats
+Plan and log the three-week field survey across the apple orchards: create the daily transect schedule, list required gear and coordinates for each hive cluster, define sampling protocols for nectar and pollen, and export a printable field pack for the team by Monday.
The tools that do the workbioinformatics databasesjob descriptions
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Track and monitor animal behavior
+Set up the behavioural monitoring campaign: register each tagged colony and individual ID, schedule…
Track and monitor animal behavior
+Set up the behavioural monitoring campaign: register each tagged colony and individual ID, schedule continuous observation windows, define the event codes for waggle runs and foraging trips, and produce the annotated dataset template for subsequent analysis.
The tools that do the workbioinformatics databasesjob descriptions
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Dissect carcasses and specimens
+Record and catalogue the necropsy results for five dead colonies: enter specimen metadata, link photos of…
Dissect carcasses and specimens
+Record and catalogue the necropsy results for five dead colonies: enter specimen metadata, link photos of diagnostic lesions, list laboratory assays needed, and produce a consolidated report of suspected causes of death and recommended next steps for the apiary manager.
The tools that do the workbioinformatics databasesjob descriptions
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Assess soil, water, and environmental samples
+Collect and log soil, water and hive debris samples from the three test sites: create sample IDs, enter…
Assess soil, water, and environmental samples
+Collect and log soil, water and hive debris samples from the three test sites: create sample IDs, enter physicochemical measurements and GPS coordinates, order microbiological assays, and export a combined dataset for contaminant correlation analysis by Tuesday.
The tools that do the workbioinformatics databasesjob descriptions
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Design and carry out breeding studies
+Design the breeding trial: register parental line pedigrees, define mating pairs and replication scheme,…
Design and carry out breeding studies
+Design the breeding trial: register parental line pedigrees, define mating pairs and replication scheme, create a phenotype scoring sheet for hygienic behaviour and honey yield, and export the pedigree and trial plan so technicians can start pairings next week.
The tools that do the workbioinformatics databasesjob descriptions
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Bioinformatics databases
+Upload colony health swabs and hive-level sequencing notes into the bioinformatics databases, tag each entry…
Bioinformatics databases
+Upload colony health swabs and hive-level sequencing notes into the bioinformatics databases, tag each entry with apiary location, mite counts, and treatment history so I can generate resistance reports for the extension agent next week.
The tools that do the workbioinformatics databasesO*NET
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Built on public evidence: O*NET®, ESCO, Wikipedia, U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, ILOSTAT. All sources & licenses