Question 1

Why do cities need to build complex water treatment plants to purify drinking water?

Accepted Answer

Raw water from lakes contains dirt, leaves, and tiny invisible germs. A treatment plant uses filters and mixers to remove these hazards. This makes water sparkling clean and safe for drinking, cooking, and bathing at home.

Question 2

How does coagulation help remove heavy mud and dirt particles from raw reservoir water?

Accepted Answer

In coagulation tanks, special chemicals are added and spun rapidly. These chemicals act like magnets, clumping tiny dirt particles together into larger flakes. These heavy dirt clumps then sink to the bottom, making it easy to filter them out.

Question 3

What is the purpose of spraying water into the air during the aeration process?

Accepted Answer

Aeration sprays water into the air through tiny nozzles to mix it with oxygen. This natural oxygenation breaks down smelly gases. It also removes trapped carbon dioxide, which significantly improves the fresh taste of our drinking water.

Question 4

How do sand and charcoal layers filter out tiny dirt particles from the water?

Accepted Answer

Water flows down through layers of fine sand, gravel, and activated charcoal. The sand traps solid dirt particles in its gaps. The charcoal acts like a chemical sponge, absorbing bad smells, chlorine, and chemical pollutants.

Question 5

Why is a small amount of chlorine chemical injected into the clean water pipe?

Accepted Answer

Even after filtering, water may contain harmful bacteria and viruses. The chlorine injector adds a tiny, safe amount of chlorine. This chemical acts as a disinfectant, killing invisible germs and keeping the water sterile inside the pipes.

Question 6

How do water pumps and tall storage tanks deliver pressurized water to our homes?

Accepted Answer

Powerful electric pumps push clean water up into elevated storage tanks. These tall tanks store massive amounts of water. Gravity then pulls the water down through underground pipes, creating the pressure that makes water flow from faucets.

Question 7

Why must scientists test water samples in glass flasks inside a laboratory?

Accepted Answer

Scientists collect water samples in flasks to test them for bacteria, heavy metals, and proper chemical levels. These daily tests ensure the purification system is working correctly, preventing contaminated water from reaching the public.

Question 8

What is the function of safety valves and pressure gauges in water pipelines?

Accepted Answer

Pressure gauges display the water pressure, helping operators detect pipe blockages. Safety valves release water if the pressure gets too high. Together, they protect the expensive pumps and pipelines from cracking or exploding.

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